Opioids

1. Morphine
-treats moderate-severe pain
-less anxiety
-hypersensitivity in respiratory disease
-respiratory depression
-increase intracranial pressure

2. Codeine
-treats mild-moderate pain
-"partial activity"
-anti-tussive

3. Meperidine
-less respiratory depression in neonates
-anti-muscarinic
-metabolite can induce seizures
-serotonin syndrome
-MAOI interaction-->coma

4. Diphenoxylate
-antidiarrheal

5. Fentanyl
-more potent than morphine
-lipophilic
-transdermal or transmucosal

6. Levophanol
-treats moderate-severe pain
-D-isomer (dextromethorphan is non-addictive cough suppressant)

7. Methadone
-long duration
-NMDA antagonist
-treats opioid withdrawal

8. Heroin
-no medical use
-collapse of vessels
-HIV + hepatitis
-newborn withdrawal

9. Tramadol
-reuptake inhibitor of NE and 5-HT
-chronic neuropathic pain
-serotonin syndrome

10. Methylnaltrexone
-treats opioid-induced constipation

11. Buprenorphine
-partial agonist
-K receptor block
-precipitate withdrawal in opioid users
-treats opioid withdrawal

12. Naloxone
-treats opioid overdose